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The world's oldest cathedral, St. Sophia, the Byzantine emperor Justinian built by 1500 years ago. At this age and this size is able to come today, one of the rare works of Hagia Sophia, the Byzantine Empire during 916 years of prestige and the Orthodox world, the center of the structure of the "Great Church" has been called in, 481 years of the Islamic world and the Ottoman Empire, the "Great Mosque" was used as a percent; and still the most important of the Republic of Turkey, "the museum-building" of the world was opened to visitors from all over.
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The weight of large and majestic dome of the Hagia Sophia is described as the miracle of the era, 40 of them below, 67 of them, including the above is of 107 pillars. Large cisterns under the floor of the building period, and the piles of pile foundations resting on the elephant foot
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| Hagia Sophia - engraving of St. Sofia |
Hagia Sophia rising on strong stakes in the world since 1500 years considered one of the wonders.
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| Hagia Sophia - engraving of St. Sofia |
Architecture *
Hagia Sophia, the architectural sense, with a basilica plan, incorporating a central plan, domed basilica dome is a structure type and structural properties of the transition is considered to be a turning point in the history of architecture. Hagia Sophia, it is important first of all sizes and architectural structure. No dome of Hagia Sophia basilica in the world of the period on the size of the building with a dome örtülebilmiş and did not have such a large interior space. The dome of Hagia Sophia Hagia Sophia in Rome, but applied to a small half-dome dome Panteon'un, complex and sophisticated system of arches and vaults, the dome, providing a much larger venue örtebilmesini dome makes it more impressive. Compared with the previous structures, domes resting on the walls of the carrier body, only four payee such a large dome resting on its technical architecture, and is considered a revolution in aesthetic ways.
Central nave covering half of the main (central), domes, half domes attached to the east and west to create a very large rectangular-shaped interior has been expanded so that, considering the ground, the sky looks like it hung, dominating the entire interior space is perceived as a dome. East and west, covering the openings in the half dome half dome eksedralara smaller transition has been completed by the system. Small domes from the main dome was completed tacıyla hierarchy of the domes of ancient times, an unprecedented system of architecture. Ingenious plan of the basilica of the building completely "hidden" condition.
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| Hagia Sophia - the architectural section of St Sofia |
During the mortar used, rather than brick walls and a dome structure built on the lower part of the wet weight of the dome remained kondurulduğunda mortar walls created had led to bend outward. After the earthquake re-construction of the main dome 558 during the afternoon to transport the walls of the re-dikleştirmiştir young Isidorus dome. All these efforts despite the delicate weight of the dome remained a problem for centuries, the building pressure from the weight of the dome like a flower opening up to open outward forces the four sides. This problem was solved by adding elements of retaining the building from the outside. Architects of the Ottoman period, during the construction of a building or to find out whether the slip is a small vertical column eklerlerdi döndürülebilecek hand on the wall or fixed point between two glass yerleştirirlerdi santimetrlik 20-30. The column in question is no longer döndürülemediğinde or çatladığında glass building would have understood the shift came to a certain extent. The second method can still be seen traces of the walls of the upper floor of Hagia Sophia. The returned column is part of the harem of the Topkapi Palace.
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| Hagia Sophia - General View of St. Sofia |
Polychromatic brick on the inner surfaces of marble, red or purple porphyry and gold used in making mozayiklerle covered. This is also a large piers to be a tool that allows more light and camouflage. 19. century, outside the building during restoration work by Fossati are painted yellow and red colors. Hagia Sophia, the masterpiece of Byzantine architecture, but Pagan, Orthodox, Catholic, Islam is a structure that the effects of synthesis.
* The chapter on the architectural features Wikipedia.org - the Hagia Sophia was article.
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